Angular7:Materials
Materials为你的项目提供了许多内置模块。自动完成、日期选择器、滑块、菜单、网格和工具栏等功能可用于Angular 7中的材质。
要使用Materials,我们需要导入包。Angular 2也具有上述所有特性,它们是@angular/core模块的一部分。从Angular4开始,Materials模块与一个单独的模块@angular/materials一起提供。这有助于用户只导入项目中所需的功能。
要开始使用Materials,您需要安装两个软件包:Materials和cdk。Materials组件依赖动画模块获得高级特征。因此,你需要同时导入@angular/animations包,我们已经在前面章节中为虚拟滚动和拖放模块安装了@angular/cdk软件包。
以下是向项目添加materials的命令
npm install --save @angular/material
现在让我们看看package.json,@angular/material和@angular/cdk已安装。
{
"name": "angular7-app",
"version": "0.0.0",
"scripts": {
"ng": "ng",
"start": "ng serve",
"build": "ng build",
"test": "ng test",
"lint": "ng lint",
"e2e": "ng e2e"
},
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"@angular/animations": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/cdk": "^7.3.4",
"@angular/common": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/compiler": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/core": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/forms": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/material": "^7.3.4",
"@angular/platform-browser": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/router": "~7.2.0",
"core-js": "^2.5.4",
"rxjs": "~6.3.3",
"tslib": "^1.9.0",
"zone.js": "~0.8.26"
},
"devDependencies": {
"@angular-devkit/build-angular": "~0.13.0",
"@angular/cli": "~7.3.2",
"@angular/compiler-cli": "~7.2.0",
"@angular/language-service": "~7.2.0",
"@types/node": "~8.9.4",
"@types/jasmine": "~2.8.8",
"@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.3",
"codelyzer": "~4.5.0",
"jasmine-core": "~2.99.1",
"jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.2.1",
"karma": "~3.1.1",
"karma-chrome-launcher": "~2.2.0",
"karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter": "~2.0.1",
"karma-jasmine": "~1.1.2",
"karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^0.2.2",
"protractor": "~5.4.0",
"ts-node": "~7.0.0",
"tslint": "~5.11.0",
"typescript": "~3.2.2"
}
}我们现在将导入父模块app.module.ts中的模块,如下所示。
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule , RoutingComponent} from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { NewCmpComponent } from './new-cmp/new-cmp.component';
import { ChangeTextDirective } from './change-text.directive';
import { SqrtPipe } from './app.sqrt';
import { MyserviceService } from './myservice.service';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ScrollDispatchModule } from '@angular/cdk/scrolling';
import { DragDropModule } from '@angular/cdk/drag-drop';
import { ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatButtonModule, MatMenuModule, MatSidenavModule } from '@angular/material';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
SqrtPipe,
AppComponent,
NewCmpComponent,
ChangeTextDirective,
RoutingComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
AppRoutingModule,
HttpClientModule,
ScrollDispatchModule,
DragDropModule,
ReactiveFormsModule,
BrowserAnimationsModule,
MatButtonModule,
MatMenuModule,
MatSidenavModule
],
providers: [MyserviceService],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }在上述文件中,我们从@angular/materials导入了以下模块
import { MatButtonModule, MatMenuModule, MatSidenavModule } from '@angular/material';导入数组中也使用了相同的方法,如下所示。
imports: [
BrowserModule,
AppRoutingModule,
HttpClientModule,
ScrollDispatchModule,
DragDropModule,
ReactiveFormsModule,
BrowserAnimationsModule,
MatButtonModule,
MatMenuModule,
MatSidenavModule
],
app.component.ts如下所示。
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
templateUrl: './app.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
constructor() {}
}现在让我们在styles.css中添加material-css支持。
@import "~@angular/material/prebuilt-themes/indigo-pink.css";
现在让我们在app.component.html内部添加materials
菜单
要添加菜单,请使用<mat-menu></mat-menu>。文件和另存为项目被添加到mat-menu下的按钮。添加了一个主按钮菜单。通过使用[matMenuTriggerFor]=“menu”,并使用<mat-menu>中带有#的菜单,可以在<mat-menu>中给出相同的参考。
app.component.html
<button mat-button [matMenuTriggerFor] = "menu">Menu</button> <mat-menu #menu = "matMenu"> <button mat-menu-item> File </button> <button mat-menu-item> Save As </button> </mat-menu>
浏览器中将显示以下图像。

点击菜单将显示其中的项目。

侧边导航
要添加侧边导航,我们需要<mat-sidenav-container></mat-sidenav-container>。<mat-sidenav></mat-sidenav>作为子导航添加到容器中。增加了另一个div,通过使用 (click)="sidenav.open()"来触发侧边导航。
app.component.html
<mat-sidenav-container class="example-container" fullscreen> <mat-sidenav #sidenav class = "example-sidenav"> Angular 7 </mat-sidenav> <div class = "example-sidenav-content"> <button type = "button" mat-button (click) = "sidenav.open()"> Open sidenav </button> </div> </mat-sidenav-container>
app.component.css
.example-container {
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
.example-sidenav {
padding: 20px;
width: 150px;
font-size: 20px;
border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
background-color: #ccc;
color:white;
}以下是浏览器的输出。

如果我们单击打开侧面导航,下面的面板将在左侧打开。

日期选择器
现在让我们使用material添加一个日期选择器。要添加日期选择器,我们需要导入显示日期选择器所需的模块。
在app.module.ts中,我们为日期选择器导入了如下所示的模块
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule , RoutingComponent} from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { NewCmpComponent } from './new-cmp/new-cmp.component';
import { ChangeTextDirective } from './change-text.directive';
import { SqrtPipe } from './app.sqrt';
import { MyserviceService } from './myservice.service';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ScrollDispatchModule } from '@angular/cdk/scrolling';
import { DragDropModule } from '@angular/cdk/drag-drop';
import { ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatDatepickerModule, MatInputModule, MatNativeDateModule } from '@angular/material';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
SqrtPipe,
AppComponent,
NewCmpComponent,
ChangeTextDirective,
RoutingComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
AppRoutingModule,
HttpClientModule,
ScrollDispatchModule,
DragDropModule,
ReactiveFormsModule,
BrowserAnimationsModule,
MatDatepickerModule,
MatInputModule,
MatNativeDateModule
],
providers: [MyserviceService],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }这里,我们导入了一些模块,如MatDatepickerModule、MatInputModule和MatNativeDateModule。
现在,app.component.ts如下所示.
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
templateUrl: './app.component.html', s
tyleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
constructor() {}
}app.component.html如下所示.
<mat-form-field> <input matInput [matDatepicker] = "picker" placeholder = "Choose a date"> <mat-datepicker-toggle matSuffix [for] = "picker"></mat-datepicker-toggle> <mat-datepicker #picker></mat-datepicker> </mat-form-field>
在style.css中添加了全局css.
/* You can add global styles to this file, and also
import other style files */
@import '~@angular/material/prebuilt-themes/deeppurple-amber.css';
body {
font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 10;
}
.basic-container {
padding: 30px;
}
.version-info {
font-size: 8pt;
float: right;
}日期选择器显示在浏览器中,如下所示:
