SQLite 语法
SQLite 语法
本章将学习基本的SQLite语法。
大小写敏感
需要注意的一点是,SQLite不区分大小写,但有些命令区分大小写,如GLOB和glob在SQLite语句中具有不同的含义。
Comments
SQLite注释是额外的说明,您可以将其添加到SQLite代码中以提高其可读性,并且它们可以显示在任何位置,但它们不能嵌套。
SQL注释以两个连续的“-”字符( ASCII 0x2d )开头,并扩展到下一个换行符( ASCII 0x0a )并包括下一个换行符( ASCII 0x0a )或直到输入结束,以先到者为准。
您也可以使用C风格的注解,以" / * "开头,延伸至下一个" * / "字元对并包括下一个" * / "字元对,或延伸至输入结尾,以先到者为准。c风格的注释可以跨越多行。
sqlite> .help -- This is a single line comment
SQLite语句
所有SQLite语句都以任何关键字开始,如SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, ALTER, DROP,等。所有语句以分号(;) 结尾.
SQLite分析语句
ANALYZE; or ANALYZE database_name; or ANALYZE database_name.table_name;
SQLite AND/OR子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;
SQLite ALTER TABLE语句
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;
SQLite ALTER TABLE 语句 (重命名)
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
SQLite ATTACH DATABASE语句
ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';
SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION语句
BEGIN; or BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;
SQLite BETWEEN子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;
SQLite COMMIT 语句
COMMIT;
SQLite CREATE INDEX 语句
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );
SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX 语句
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);
SQLite CREATE TABLE 语句
CREATE TABLE table_name( column1 datatype, column2 datatype, column3 datatype, ..... columnN datatype, PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns ) );
SQLite CREATE TRIGGER 语句
CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW BEGIN stmt1; stmt2; .... END;
SQLite CREATE VIEW 语句
CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name AS SELECT statement....;
SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE 语句
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log ); or CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );
SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION 语句
COMMIT;
SQLite COUNT 子句
SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION;
SQLite DELETE 语句
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE {CONDITION};
SQLite DETACH DATABASE 语句
DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';
SQLite DISTINCT 语句
SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name;
SQLite DROP INDEX 语句
DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;
SQLite DROP TABLE 语句
DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;
SQLite DROP VIEW 语句
DROP INDEX database_name.view_name;
SQLite DROP TRIGGER 语句
DROP INDEX database_name.trigger_name;
SQLite EXISTS 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table_name );
SQLite EXPLAIN 语句
EXPLAIN INSERT statement...; or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;
SQLite GLOB 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name GLOB { PATTERN };
SQLite GROUP BY 子句
SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION GROUP BY column_name;
SQLite HAVING 子句
SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION GROUP BY column_name HAVING (arithematic function condition); SQLite INSERT INTO 语句 INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN) VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);
SQLite IN 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);
SQLite Like 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE { PATTERN };
SQLite NOT IN 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);
SQLite ORDER BY 子句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};
SQLite PRAGMA语句
PRAGMA pragma_name; For example: PRAGMA page_size; PRAGMA cache_size = 1024; PRAGMA table_info(table_name); SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT语句 RELEASE savepoint_name;
SQLite REINDEX语句
REINDEX collation_name; REINDEX database_name.index_name; REINDEX database_name.table_name;
SQLite ROLLBACK语句
ROLLBACK; or ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;
SQLite SAVEPOINT 语句
SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;
SQLite SELECT 语句
SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name;
SQLite UPDATE 语句
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN [ WHERE CONDITION ];
SQLite VACUUM 语句
VACUUM; SQLite WHERE Clause SELECT column1, column2....columnN FROM table_name WHERE CONDITION;